Postoperative management of spontaneous pneumothorax in arthroscopic shoulder superior capsular reconstruction: A case report and review of literature / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

Arthroscopic superior capsular reconstruction is an innovative technique for the irreparable rotator cuff tears, but spontaneous pneumothorax after surgery is very rare. The present case was a 66-year-old female with irreparable rotator cuff tears of the right shoulder, treated with the arthroscopic shoulder superior capsular reconstruction. The general anesthesia and operation went smoothly, but the patient experienced stuffiness in the chest and shortness of breath after recovery from anesthesia. Thoracic CT scans showed spontaneous pneumothorax in the right side, which was successfully treated by the conservative treatments (oxygen therapy) according to multidisciplinary team. Prompt and accurate early-stage diagnosis is necessary in controlling postoperative complications and standardized treatment is the key to relieve the suffering. Spontaneous pneumothorax after arthroscopic shoulder surgery has been rarely reported in previous literatures.

Mixed bacterial-fungal infection following total hip arthroplasty: A case report / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

Prosthetic infection is one of the severe postoperative complications of arthroplasty. Mixed bacterial-fungal prosthetic infection is rare but can be disastrous. This case was a 76-year-old female suffered from prosthetic infection following total hip replacement due to femoral neck fracture and underwent multiple debridements. The culture of periprosthetic tissue was bacteriologically sterile following the first debridement, while the Staphylococcus hominis was identified in the second debridement in the previous hospitalization where fungal infection had not been considered. Thus the pathogen spectrum of anti-infection therapy failed to contain fungus. Ultimately, the culture result of our sampled periprosthetic tissue during the third debridement was Candida albicans without bacterium in our hospital. The fungal prosthetic infection was successfully treated by a two-stage revision with antifungal drugs. Accurate diagnosis and standardized treatment is the key to the therapy of infection after hip arthroplasty, especially for mixed bacterial-fungal prosthetic infection.

Progress of researches on the role of neutrophil extracellular traps in the immune responses against parasites / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) is a type of bead-like, fibrous and reticular substances that is actively released by activated inflammatory neutrophils during the stage of infections or inflammatory responses. NET, which is composed of chromatin DNA and multiple intracellular protein components, may wrap pathogens to limit their diffusions. Meanwhile, NET may kill pathogens via a wide range of antibacterial proteins, which is considered as the third antibacterial mechanism of neutrophils, in addition to phagocytosis and degranulation. Recent studies have shown the involvement of NET in the immune response against parasitic infections. This review summarizes the advances of NETs in the immune responses against parasitic infections, so as to provide insights into the elucidation of the pathogenesis and development of therapeutics of parasitic diseases.

Diagnosis and treatment of labral tear / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

OBJECTIVE@#To review the literature regarding diagnosis and treatment of labral tear.@*DATA SOURCES@#A systematic search was performed in PubMed using various search terms and their combinations including hip, labrum, acetabular labral tear, arthroscopy, diagnosis, and anatomy.@*STUDY SELECTION@#For each included study, information regarding anatomy, function, etiology, diagnosis, and management of acetabular labral tear was extracted.@*RESULTS@#Five hundred and sixty abstracts about anatomy, function, etiology, diagnosis, and management of acetabular labral tear were reviewed and 66 selected for full-text review. The mechanism of labral tear has been well explained while the long-term outcomes of various treatment remains unknown.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Labral tear is generally secondary to femoroacetabular impingement, trauma, dysplasia, capsular laxity, and degeneration. Patients with labral tear complain about anterior hip or groin pain most commonly with a most consistent physical examination called positive anterior hip impingement test. Magnetic resonance arthrography is a reliable radiographic examination with arthroscopy being the gold standard. Conservative treatment consists of rest, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medication, pain medications, modification of activities, physical therapy, and intra-articular injection. When fail to respond to conservative treatment, surgical treatment including labral debridement, labral repair, and labral reconstruction is often indicated.

Polarity of ameloblasts and odontoblasts and their related regulators / 华西口腔医学杂志

The polarity of ameloblasts and odontoblasts is crucial for their differentiation and function. Polarity-related molecules play an important role in this process. This review summarizes the process of polarity formation of ameloblasts and odontoblasts and their related regulators.

Investigation of free ticks carrying CRT and compound infection with SFTSV in Yanbian area of Jilin Province / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To understand the condition of tick carrying CRT(Candidatus rickettsia tarasevichiae) and compound infection with SFTSV(Sever fever thrombocytopenia syndrome virus) in Yanbian area of Jilin province. Methods Free ticks were collected from 6 counties including Yanji, Wangqing, Hunchun, Dunhua, Antu and Helong in the Korean Autonomous Prefecture of Jilin Province(Yanbian Prefecture) by using the flagging, and they were classified morphologically. The CRT and SFTSV in ticks were detected by Nest PCR(Nested polymerase chain reaction) and Real Time RT-PCR(Real-time Quantitative polymerase chain reaction) methods. Target DNA sequencing was performed for CRT positive products, and the homology of gene sequence and phylogenetic relationship were analyzed. Results A total of 1032 ticks were collected in this study, including ixodes persulcatus (35.56%) and dermacenter silvarum (20.64%). haemaphysalis japonica (20.45%), haemaphysalis longicornis (10.47%), haemaphysalis concinna (8.33%),others( 4.55%). The CRT was detected from the Ixodes persulcatus, Haemaphysalis longicornis, Haemaphysalis japonica Dermacentor silvarum. The MIR(Minimum infection rate per 100 ticks) of CRT was 10.47%.The SFTSV was detected from the Haemaphysalis-concinna, Haemaphysalis-japonica,Ixodes-persulcatus,Haemaphysalis-longicornis,Dermacentor-silvarum. The MIR of SFTSV was 2.52 %. Three species of ticks, including Ixodes persulcatus(2.45%), Haemaphysalis japonica(1.42%), and dermacentor silvarum(0.47%), had CRT and SFTSV compound infections, and the MIR of two pathogens compound infections was 1.26 %. In this study, the gene sequence of CRT positive PCR products ompA and 17kDa with nucleotide sequence of Xinyang plant of HeNan XinYang strain (KX365196.1),had homology of 100%. Phylogenetic analysis showed that CRT ompA and the HeNan XinYang strain (KX365196.1) gene sequences formed a cluster in Yanbian, while the 17 kDa gene formed an independent branch. Conclusions For the first time, CRT was detected from free ticks in Yanbian area of Jilin Province, and it was found that Ixodes persulcatus may be the main medium of transmission of the pathogen. At the same time, it was found that CRT and SFTSV have compound infection in ticks of Yanbian area. Therefore, it can be clearly identified that Yanbian area in Jilin Province is the natural source of CRT, and there are two pathogenic compound infections in the local ticks.

The role of bone morphogenetic protein signaling pathway in tooth root development / 华西口腔医学杂志

The bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) family is an important factor in the regulation of cell ular life activities and in the development of almost all tissues. BMP-mediated signaling plays an important role in tooth root development, which is a part of tooth development. Epithelial and mesenchymal interactions are involved in tooth root development, but the BMP signaling pathway has a different effect on tooth root development in epithelial and mesenchymal. This review summarizes the advances of BMP signaling in tooth root development.

Hemi-arthroplasty performed in a 109-year-old patient with intertrochanteric fracture: A case report / 中华创伤杂志(英文版)

The mortality of conservative treatment and the risk resulting from operation for elderly patients with femoral intertrochanteric fractures are high. Safety in the perioperative period and quicker recovery should be placed at the top priority for elderly patients with hip fractures. We reported a case of 109-year-old female patient with intertrochanteric fracture who has undergone the hemiarthroplasty in our center recently. With sciatic nerve and lateral cutaneous nerve block anesthesia, she was offered the artificial femoral head replacement in the lumbar plexus block after sufficient preoperative preparation. The surgery went well with minimally invasive cut, and the patient's recovery was satisfactory.

Neutrophil extracellular traps induce production of MPO-ANCA in chronic bronchitis rats / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of chronic bronchitis with recurrent long duration infections in the production of MPO anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies(ANCA). Methods:Rats were gave intratracheal injection of LPS and smoked to established chronic bronchitis ( CB ) model. Rat neutrophils were incubated with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate ( PMA ) to induce Neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs). NETs were then used to immune chronic bronchitis rats. Serum concentrations of myeloperoxidase anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies(MPO-ANCA),Citrullinated Histone H3(CitH3),Interferon-α(IFN-α)were evaluated. Results:(1)The serum levels of MPO-ANCA in chronic bronchitis rats immuned with NETs(CB/NETs)were significantly higher than those in chronic bronchitis rats(CB)and healthy control rats,(62. 4975±19. 63764)ng/ml vs (17. 3806±4. 88649)ng/ml,(20. 8884± 4. 39607)ng/ml(both P<0. 01). (2)The serum levels of CitH3 in CB/NETs rat were significantly higher than those in CB rat and healthy control rats,(32. 5974±20. 2915)ng/ml vs (8. 8568±2. 36692)ng/ml,(5. 6225±0. 83738)ng/ml(P<0. 05,P<0. 01). (3)The serum levels of IFN-α were found increased sharply in two CB/NETs rats(3735.7,3428.4 pg/ml). (4)Renal function among three groups showed no significant difference yet. ( 5 ) Serum CitH3 level showed a positive correlation with serum MPO-ANCA level(r=0. 61,P<0. 05). Conclusion:Chronic bronchitis with recurrent infections could induce the production of ANCA probably by the stimulation of NETs,but whether it might develop to AAV remains need a duration.

Neutrophil extracellular traps induce production of MPO-ANCA in chronic bronchitis rats / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of chronic bronchitis with recurrent long duration infections in the production of MPO anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies(ANCA). Methods:Rats were gave intratracheal injection of LPS and smoked to established chronic bronchitis ( CB ) model. Rat neutrophils were incubated with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate ( PMA ) to induce Neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs). NETs were then used to immune chronic bronchitis rats. Serum concentrations of myeloperoxidase anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies(MPO-ANCA),Citrullinated Histone H3(CitH3),Interferon-α(IFN-α)were evaluated. Results:(1)The serum levels of MPO-ANCA in chronic bronchitis rats immuned with NETs(CB/NETs)were significantly higher than those in chronic bronchitis rats(CB)and healthy control rats,(62. 4975±19. 63764)ng/ml vs (17. 3806±4. 88649)ng/ml,(20. 8884± 4. 39607)ng/ml(both P<0. 01). (2)The serum levels of CitH3 in CB/NETs rat were significantly higher than those in CB rat and healthy control rats,(32. 5974±20. 2915)ng/ml vs (8. 8568±2. 36692)ng/ml,(5. 6225±0. 83738)ng/ml(P<0. 05,P<0. 01). (3)The serum levels of IFN-α were found increased sharply in two CB/NETs rats(3735.7,3428.4 pg/ml). (4)Renal function among three groups showed no significant difference yet. ( 5 ) Serum CitH3 level showed a positive correlation with serum MPO-ANCA level(r=0. 61,P<0. 05). Conclusion:Chronic bronchitis with recurrent infections could induce the production of ANCA probably by the stimulation of NETs,but whether it might develop to AAV remains need a duration.

Surgical treatment for terrible triad of the elbow through medial and lateral approach / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the clinical effects of medial and lateral approach in treating terrible triad of the elbow.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From May 2010 from May 2014, 11 patients with terrible triad of the elbow were treated through medial and lateral approach. There were 6 males and 5 females, aged from 25 to 56 years with an average of 35.2 years old. The time from injury to operation was from 1 to 13 days with an average of 5.9 days. Fracture of radial head according to Mason typing, 2 cases were type I, 7 cases were type II, 2 cases were type III. Ulnar coronoid fracture according to Regan-Morrey typing, 3 cases were type I, 7 cases were type II, 1 case was type III. Postoperative complications were observed and Mayo elbow performance score(MEPS) was used to assess the elbow joint function.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All patients were followed up from 6 to 24 months with an average of 15.5 months. All fractures obtained healing with an average time of 14 weeks (ranged from 10 to 18 weeks). According to Mayo to assess the results, total score was 78.2±11.7, 2 cases got excellent results, 7 good, 1 fair, 1 poor. At final follow up, the mean range of motion was (108±21)° in flexion, (12±8)° in extension, (66±13)° in pronation, (28±18)° in supination. The varus angle of the elbow ranged from 5°to 8° in 3 cases and the valgus angle was 8° in 1 case.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Treatment of the terrible triad of the elbow through medial and lateral approach can obtain satisfactory clinical effects, restore the elbow stability, allow early motion postoperatively, and promote the joint functional rehabilitation.</p>

Knee arthroscopic resection of articular capsule valvular treat popliteal cysts / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To retrospective study the results of arthroscopic resection of articular capsule valvular treated popliteal cysts and examined the incidence of complication.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From July 2007 to July 2010, 45 patients with symptomatic popliteal cysts such as knee pain and limitation of motion were treated with arthroscopic technique to resect the connecting valvular mechanism at posteromedial compartment of articular capsule. Through the posteromedial viewing portal and cyst resection working portal, resected the valvular mechanism by shaver and plasma cutter, associated intra-articular pathology was treated simultaneously. The functional outcome was evaluated by employed Rauschning and Lindgren score before the surgery and the last follow-up. By using of Wilcoxon rank sum test to statistics analyze the clinic outcome.</p><p><b>RESULT</b>In all cases, 40 patients were found the associated intra-articular pathology, the incidence was 88.9%.The intra-articular pathology was medial meniscus tear (27 cases, 60.0%), lateral meniscus tear (20 cases, 44.4%), cartilage lesion (28 cases, 62.2%), which composed with patellofemoral joint (12 cases, 26.7%),medial condyles of femur (10 cases, 22.2%),lateral condyles of femur (6 cases, 13.3%). The anterior cruciate ligment injury was found in 2 cases, the incidence was 4.4%. All the patients achieved symptoms relief postoperative, such as posterior knee discomfort and swelling after activities.The Rauschning and Lindgren score was improved 1-2 grade in average (Z = -6.092, P = 0.00). The recurrence rate was 2.2%. All the incision healed good. No major complications were encountered such as saphenous nerve, great saphenous vein, blood vessel in popliteal injury.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Arthroscopic resection of articular capsule valvular treatment of popliteal cyst and treatment of associated intra-articular pathology are effective and safe. This surgery technique has more minimally trauma and lower recurrence rate.The clinic results in short term are excellent.</p>

Correlation research on the expression of FcgammaR II b on B cells and rheumatoid arthritis patients of Shen deficiency syndrome / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the correlation between the expression of Fcgamma receptor II b (FcgammaRII b) on B cells and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients of Shen deficiency syndrome (SDS).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>There were 43 RA patients, including 26 of SDS and 17 of non-SDS. The expression levels of FcgammaRII b on naive B cells, memory B cells, and plasma blasts in the peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry. The numbers of tender joints, numbers of swollen joints, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), rheumatoid factor (RF), and disease activity score (DAS28), the correlation between the distribution of B cells and the expression level of FcgammaRII b in RA patients were analyzed. Besides, another 21 healthy volunteers were recruited as the control group.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The expression level of FcgammaRII b was 49.65% +/- 15.86% on memory B cells and 43.69% +/- 22.57% on plasma blasts in RA patients of SDS, significantly down-regulated when compared with those of the control group (64.03% +/- 6.01%, 66.59% +/- 10.18%, P < 0.01). The expression level of FcgammaRII b on memory B cells of RA patients of non-SDS was down-regulated more obviously when compared with that of the control group (52.70% +/- 9.52% versus 64.03% +/- 6.01%, P < 0.01). The expression level of FcgammaRII b on plasma blasts was obviously lower in RA patients of SDS than in RA patients of non-SDS (56.10% +/- 17.05%, P < 0.05). The expression level of FcgammaRII b on memory B cells was not correlated with numbers of tender joints, numbers of swollen joints, ESR, RF, or DAS28.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The defective immunological tolerance of B cells in RA patients of SDS might be closely correlated with down-regulation of FcgammaRII b on memory B cells and plasma blasts. There might exist genetic abnormality of FcgammaRII b gene in RA patients of SDS, thus inducing loss of autoimmunity tolerance.</p>

Correlation study of auto-immune antibodies and rheumatoid arthritis patients of Shen deficiency syndrome / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the correlation between auto-immune antibodies and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients of Shen deficiency syndrome (SDS), thus providing clinical evidence for further researches on molecular biological mechanisms of RA patients of SDS.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 451 RA patients were assigned to the SDS group and the non-SDS group. Their general conditions (including gender, age, duration, and age of onset), C reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), platelet (PLT), disease activities (DAS28), auto-antibodies [rheumatoid factor (RF), anti-CCP antibodies, anti-nuclear antibody (ANA)] were compared between the two groups.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The scores for EST, PLT, and DAS28 were obviously higher in the SDS group than in the non-SDS group (P < 0.05, P <0. 01). (2) The level of average RF was (697.32 +/-1 061.38 IU/mL) in the SDS group, higher than that in the non-SDS group (439.91 +/- 672.24 IU/mL, P <0.01). There was no statistical difference in anti-CCP antibody between the two groups (P >0.05).(3) The ANA positive rate of RA patients was 29. 63% (120/405). It was 37.19% (74/199) in RA patients of SDS and 22. 33% (46/206) in RA patients of non-SDS, showing statistical difference between the two groups (P <0.01). (4) The odds ratio for high level RF positive and ANA positive was 1. 574 and 2. 059 folds in RA patients of SDS as high as that in RA patients of non-SDS.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>RA patients of SDS would have higher risk of having auto-immune antibodies, fastened development, more worsen joint damage, and more poor prognosis. Its mechanisms might be closely associated with autoimmune tolerance.</p>

Changes and prognostic value of serum vascular endothelial growth factor in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer

To evaluate the changes and the prognostic value of serum vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF] in patients with differentiated thyroid cancer [DTC] . A total of 79 patients with DTC and 30 healthy individuals were divided into four groups: [1] a healthy control group [n = 30]; [2] DTC without recurrence [n = 35; 23 papillary, 12 follicular] ; [3] DTC with local recurrence [n = 24; 15 papillary, 9 follicular], and [4] DTC with lung metastasis [n = 20; 13 papillary, 7 follicular] . Serum VEGF and thyroglobulin levels were measured in all patients. Serum levels of VEGF were significantly higher in the lung metastasis group than in the other three groups [p < 0.05]. Serum thyroglobulin concentration positively correlated with VEGF expression [r = 0.8678, p < 0.001] in patients with thyroid cancer recurrence. Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that clinical staging [OR = 1.851, 95% Cl 1.04-3.47; p = 0.038], non-compliance with postoperative thyroxin replacement therapy [OR = 1.935,95% Cl 1.03-3.65; p = 0.042] and postoperative levels of thyroglobulin [OR = 1.892, 95% Cl 1.01-3.56, p =0.032] were independent predictors for thyroid cancer recurrence. Every additional 100 ng/l of serum VEGF levels increased the risk of thyroid cancer recurrence by 20.3%; but this did not reach statistical significance [OR = 1.203, 95% Cl 0.95-1.52; p = 0.125] . Serum VEGF increased in patients with recurrent thyroid cancer following surgical therapies. The predictive value of serum VEGF requires further investigation

Relationships between psychosocial factors and work-related musculoskeletal disorders in coal miners / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To estimate the associations of psychosocial factors with work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs), providing scientific evidence for targeted strategies for the prevention of WMSDs in Chinese coal miners.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 500 coal miners were consecutively enrolled to this cross-sectional study. The prevalence of WMSDs was assessed using the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to estimate the associations between psychosocial factors and WMSDs.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Among coal miners, of 277 coal miners, 61% self-reported WMSDs in a 12-month period. Especially, back pain was the most frequent musculoskeletal symptom. WMSDs were statistically correlated with high job demands (OR = 1.3, 95%CI: 1.3 ∼ 3.5), low job control (OR = 1.6, 95%CI: 1.0 ∼ 2.4), low level of interpersonal relations (OR = 1.9, 95%CI: 1.2 ∼ 3.0) and low job satisfaction (OR = 1.6, 95%CI: 1.0 ∼ 2.4).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The results of this study demonstrate psychosocial factors were associated with WMSDs among coal miners, and psychosocial factors be considered for the prevention of WMSDs.</p>

Study and verification test on finite element materials properties of the long bone based on CT images / 医用生物力学

Objective To discuss the method for defining personalized materials properties of the fresh human long bone with alcohol treatment and the effect from the number of bone materials on finite element results. Methods Based on images from CT scans, a three dimensional solid model of the long bone was established in Mimics, which was then classified into the cortical bone, cancellous bone and marrow in Hypermesh. Based on relevant empirical formulas, material parameters of the cortical bone and cancellous bone were given, respectively, and 5 finite element analysis (FEA) models with different numbers of materials were set up. The simulation for linear elasticity of the compression was carried out in Abaqus and the results were validated by in vitro verification test. Results Under the end displacement ranging from 0 to 1 mm, the average relative error between the simulation results and the experimental data for holistic force-displacement was about 10%, when the materials number was defined as 1 kind of the cancellous bone and over 10 kinds of the cortical bone. And the average relative error between the simulation results and the experimental data for the deformation of the measurement points was 14.6%. The error of holistic force displacement for 1 kind of the cortical bone was 2.83% when the end displacement ranged from 0 to 0.5 mm. Conclusions (1) Using the gray value of CT scans, materials properties of the main component of the bone could be defined accurately. (2) The simulation result was greatly affected by the material number of the cortical bone, and defining 10 kinds of the cortical bone could satisfy the FEA need. (3) The FEA model with 1 kind of the cortical bone also could satisfy the need of analysis under small deformation.

Efficacy of Yiqiyangxin Chinese medicine compound combined with cognitive therapy in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorders

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the clinical efficacy of Yiqiyangxin Chinese medicine compound combined with cognitive therapy on generalized anxiety disorders.@*METHODS@#A total of 202 generalized anxiety disorders patients were randomly allocated to a control condition (Paroxetine combined with cognitive therapy) or a treatment condition (Yiqiyangxin Chinese medicine compound combined with cognitive therapy). Subsequently, scores of Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA), Zung Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and blood routine, urine routine, liver function, renal function, electrocardiogram were detected before treatment, 3 months, 6 months after treatment and 6 months after medicine withdrawal, respectively.@*RESULTS@#HAMA and SAS scores were significantly reduced in two groups (P0.05). HAMA and SAS scores were significantly increased in two groups (P<0.05) after medicine withdrawal, and there were significant differences in HAMA and SAS scores, recurrent disease and adverse reaction (P<0.001). The incidence of recurrent disease and adverse reaction in treatment group was low. Both two groups showed no apparent abnormality in blood routine, urine routine, liver and renal function, and electrocardiogram.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Yiqiyangxin Chinese medicine compound combined with cognitive therapy can significantly reduce the recurrence after medicine withdrawal and is effective on generalized anxiety disorders. Furthermore, the incidence of adverse reactions is low. The treatment program is worthy clinic application in the further.

Musculoskeletal disorders and risk factors of workers in a coal mine / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the prevalence characteristics and influence factors related to occupation and individuals for musculoskeletal disorders of workers in Chinese mines.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In a cross-sectional study of 1900 coal miners from a coal mine, the Standardized Nordic Questionnaire was used to assess the musculoskeletal disorders, and logistic regression analysis was performed to analyze the correlation between the occupational factor and he musculoskeletal disorders.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>During the past year, 1205 miners of 1537 miners (78.4%) complained of the musculoskeletal disorders. The morbidity of lumbago was 59.5%. The morbidity of the musculoskeletal disorders in different body sites of the miners increased significantly with age (P < 0.05). The morbidity of the musculoskeletal disorders in the underground workers was significantly higher than that in the ground workers. According to logistic regression analysis, the repetitive operation and awkward posture were the risk factors for the musculoskeletal disorders in neck, shoulder and upper limbs; the repetitive operation, moving heavy substance and stooping posture were related significantly to lumbago; the musculoskeletal disorders in lower limbs were associated with the long standing and awkward posture.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There is significant correlation between the occupational factors and the musculoskeletal disorders for coal miners.</p>

Treatment of elbow dysfunction under elbow arthroscopy / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate early clinical outcome after arthroscopic treatment of elbow dysfunction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From September 2007 to December 2009, 21 patients with elbow dysfunction were treated with an arthroscopic procedure. All patients had chronic history of elbow dysfunction. Extension lag was 18.2° (10° - 25°) combined with pain. All patients underwent five-portals arthroscopic release and debridement. Postoperative care including anti-infection, rehabilitation and prophylaxis of myositis ossificans were prescribed. All elbows were assessed for increase in ROM and Mayo assessment before and after surgery. Mayo score assessment: ≥ 90 points, excellent; 75 - 89 points, good; 60 - 74 points, common; < 60, bad. Complications were evaluated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At an average follow-up of 19.7 months (6 - 29 months), all patients had improvement of extension and relief of pain. The average lag of extension was 2.4° (0° - 5°). Pre-operative Mayo assessment: good, 13 patients; common, 5 patients; bad, 3 patients. Post-operation Mayo assessment: excellent, 17 patients; good, 4 patients; common, 0 patients; bad, 0 patient. There was no complication in this case serial.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Arthroscopic surgery can minimize trauma and bleeding, and reduce complications. Combined with reasonable rehabilitation, arthroscopic surgery can improve elbow function and appears to be satisfactory management.</p>